The rapid mechanization of farm equipment, especially small gasoline tractors, and widespread use of the combine harvester contributed to farmers' decisions to convert arid grassland (much of which received no more than 10 inches (250 mm) of precipitation per year) to cultivated cropland. With insufficient understanding of the ecology of the plains, farmers had conducted extensive deep plowing of the virgin topsoil of the Great Plains during the previous decade this had displaced the native, deep-rooted grasses that normally trapped soil and moisture even during periods of drought and high winds. Geographic characteristics and early history 7 Changes in agriculture and population on the Plains.1 Geographic characteristics and early history.
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